The decisions that funders make and the intentions behind funding calls have a major impact on how interdisciplinary research is shaped, the extent of integration, and ultimately its effectiveness. Additional incentives, support for interdisciplinary research leadership, administrative flexibility, and a partnership approach between funders and researchers are all required.
Most research performing organisations will have their own experts to advise staff on how and where to apply for external research funds. In this section, we give a broad overview of the many types of funding schemes open to inter- and transdisciplinary researchers rather than highlight individual funding programmes.